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HSC English First Paper English For Today - Unit 12 Lesson 3 Environmental Justice
Environmental Justice
What is Environmental Justice
1. When an explosion in the Union Carbide Chemical Plant in Bhopal, India, killed thousands of people on the night of December 2, 1984, it was regarded as a terrible but singular disaster. When a reactor at the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant in the Ukraine in the former Soviet Union exploded just two years later killing an undisclosed number of workers, it was regarded as a terrible but singular disaster. So too when the world learned of the ecological and human cost of decades of petroleum-waste dumping in the Niger Delta by Royal Dutch Shell in the last quarter of the twentieth century, the attempt to privatize water in Bolivia by the Bechtel Corporation in the 1990s, the death of close to two thousand people in New Orleans following Hurricane Katrina in 2005, or even the horrific aftermath of the atomic bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki six decades earlier, each was regarded as a terrible but singular disaster.
2. In fact, these and other similar environmental disasters are neither singular nor isolated. Rather, they are clearly interconnected; they are caused by human beings; and they disproportionately negatively impact poor people and women. That is what Environmental Justice as a movement understands. What is often regarded as a natural disaster is upon closer examination the result of sometimes shortsighted and other times reckless even pernicious corporate, governmental, or individual environmental practices that target and disadvantage vulnerable groups. 3. As a concept and a movement now global in scope, Environmental Justice holds that environmental burdens and benefits should be shared equally by all people. It recognizes that currently the negative impacts of ecological devastation, particularly the environmental harm and hazards created by overconsumption of resources in the global North and by elites worldwide, fall disproportionately on the world's Poor, the vast majority of whom are people of colur, especially women and children.
4. Simultaneously, the benefits of that overconsumption are enjoyed primarily by the privileged around the world, a fraction of the earth's population. Environmental Justice, commonly referred to as EJ, seeks to make these facts visible and to bring people together to work for positive change.
5. Environmental Justice links two large, foundational bodies of modern thought and activist engagement. It yokes concern for the environment, including all life on the planet, to commitment to social justice: human equity in terms of race, gender, religion, nationality, and class. Environmental Justice bridges the gap between [the] two movements: environmentalism and human rights advocacy. It not only brings them together for positive change but also shows their inextricable connectedness.
6. Environmental Justice therefore represents a new, important body of thought and action at the beginning of the twenty-first century, especially as people around the world face the realities of climate change, increasing toxicity, resource depletion, and the rapid disappearance of species and arable land on which the health of many human communities depends. Fundamental to both the concept of Environmental Justice and the activist EJ movement is the search for fair ways of sharing environmental burdens and benefits and collectively creating a future in which the dignity and rights of all people are respected.
āĻĒāĻ°িāĻŦেāĻļāĻāĻ¤ āĻ¨্āĻ¯াāĻ¯়āĻŦিāĻাāĻ°
āĻĒāĻ°িāĻŦেāĻļāĻāĻ¤ āĻ¨্āĻ¯াāĻ¯়āĻŦিāĻাāĻ° āĻি?
ā§§ā§¯ā§Žā§Ē āĻ¸াāĻ˛েāĻ° ā§¨ āĻĄিāĻ¸েāĻŽ্āĻŦāĻ° āĻ°াāĻ¤ে, āĻাāĻ°āĻ¤েāĻ° āĻোāĻĒাāĻ˛েāĻ° āĻāĻāĻ¨িāĻ¯়āĻ¨ āĻাāĻ°্āĻŦাāĻāĻĄ āĻেāĻŽিāĻ্āĻ¯াāĻ˛ āĻĒ্āĻ˛্āĻ¯াāĻ¨্āĻে āĻāĻāĻি āĻŦিāĻ¸্āĻĢোāĻ°āĻŖে āĻšাāĻাāĻ° āĻšাāĻাāĻ° āĻŽাāĻ¨ুāĻˇ āĻ¨িāĻšāĻ¤ āĻšāĻ¯়েāĻিāĻ˛, āĻāĻŦং āĻāĻি āĻāĻāĻি āĻāĻ¯়াāĻŦāĻš āĻিāĻ¨্āĻ¤ু āĻāĻāĻ āĻŦিāĻĒāĻ°্āĻ¯āĻ¯় āĻšিāĻ¸েāĻŦে āĻŦিāĻŦেāĻিāĻ¤ āĻšāĻ¯়েāĻিāĻ˛। āĻĻুāĻ āĻŦāĻāĻ° āĻĒāĻ° āĻ¸াāĻŦেāĻ āĻ¸োāĻিāĻ¯়েāĻ¤ āĻāĻāĻ¨িāĻ¯়āĻ¨েāĻ° āĻāĻāĻ্āĻ°েāĻ¨ে āĻেāĻ°āĻ¨োāĻŦিāĻ˛ āĻĒাāĻ°āĻŽাāĻŖāĻŦিāĻ āĻŦিāĻĻ্āĻ¯ুā§āĻেāĻ¨্āĻĻ্āĻ°ে āĻāĻāĻি āĻ°িāĻ ্āĻ¯াāĻ্āĻāĻ° āĻŦিāĻ¸্āĻĢোāĻ°āĻŖে āĻ āĻ্āĻাāĻ¤ āĻ¸ংāĻ্āĻ¯āĻ āĻļ্āĻ°āĻŽিāĻ āĻ¨িāĻšāĻ¤ āĻšāĻ¯়েāĻিāĻ˛, āĻāĻিāĻেāĻ āĻāĻ¯়াāĻŦāĻš āĻিāĻ¨্āĻ¤ু āĻāĻāĻ āĻŦিāĻĒāĻ°্āĻ¯āĻ¯় āĻšিāĻ¸েāĻŦে āĻŦিāĻŦেāĻāĻ¨া āĻāĻ°া āĻšāĻ¯়েāĻিāĻ˛। āĻŦিংāĻļ āĻļāĻ¤āĻেāĻ° āĻļেāĻˇ āĻĒ্āĻ°াāĻ¨্āĻ¤িāĻে āĻ°āĻ¯়্āĻ¯াāĻ˛ āĻĄাāĻ āĻļেāĻ˛ āĻĻ্āĻŦাāĻ°া āĻĄেāĻ˛্āĻা āĻ¨āĻĻীāĻ¤ে āĻāĻ¯়েāĻ āĻĻāĻļāĻ āĻ§āĻ°ে āĻĒেāĻ্āĻ°োāĻ˛িāĻ¯়াāĻŽ āĻ¤āĻ°āĻ˛ āĻŦāĻ°্āĻ্āĻ¯ āĻĢেāĻ˛াāĻ° āĻĒāĻ°িāĻŦেāĻļāĻāĻ¤ āĻāĻŦং āĻŽাāĻ¨āĻŦিāĻ āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻ¯় āĻ¸āĻŽ্āĻĒāĻ°্āĻে āĻŦিāĻļ্āĻŦ āĻাāĻ¨āĻ¤ে āĻĒেāĻ°েāĻিāĻ˛। āĻোāĻŽ্āĻĒাāĻ¨িāĻ° āĻĒেāĻ্āĻ°োāĻ˛িāĻ¯়াāĻŽ-āĻ¤āĻ°āĻ˛ āĻŦāĻ°্āĻ্āĻ¯ āĻĄেāĻ˛্āĻা āĻ¨āĻĻীāĻ¤ে āĻĢেāĻ˛া, ā§§ā§¯ā§¯ā§Ļ āĻāĻ° āĻĻāĻļāĻে āĻŦেāĻāĻেāĻ˛ āĻāĻ°্āĻĒোāĻ°েāĻļāĻ¨েāĻ° āĻŦāĻ˛িāĻিāĻ¯়াāĻ¯় āĻĒাāĻ¨ি āĻŦেāĻ¸āĻ°āĻাāĻ°ীāĻāĻ°āĻŖেāĻ° āĻেāĻˇ্āĻা, ā§¨ā§Ļā§Ļā§Ģ āĻ¸াāĻ˛ে āĻšাāĻ°িāĻেāĻ¨ āĻ্āĻ¯াāĻāĻ°িāĻ¨াāĻ° āĻĒāĻ° āĻ¨িāĻ āĻ āĻ°āĻ˛িāĻ¨্āĻ¸ে āĻĒ্āĻ°াāĻ¯় āĻĻুāĻ āĻšাāĻাāĻ° āĻŽাāĻ¨ুāĻˇেāĻ° āĻŽৃāĻ¤্āĻ¯ু, āĻāĻŽāĻ¨āĻি āĻāĻ¯় āĻĻāĻļāĻ āĻāĻে āĻšিāĻ°োāĻļিāĻŽা āĻāĻŦং āĻ¨াāĻাāĻ¸াāĻিāĻ¤ে āĻĒাāĻ°āĻŽাāĻŖāĻŦিāĻ āĻŦোāĻŽা āĻĢেāĻ˛াāĻ° āĻāĻ¯়াāĻŦāĻš āĻĒāĻ°িāĻŖāĻ¤িāĻ āĻāĻ¯়াāĻŦāĻš āĻিāĻ¨্āĻ¤ু āĻāĻāĻ āĻŦিāĻĒāĻ°্āĻ¯āĻ¯় āĻšিāĻ¸েāĻŦে āĻŦিāĻŦেāĻিāĻ¤ āĻšāĻ¯়েāĻিāĻ˛।
āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻৃāĻ¤āĻĒāĻ্āĻˇে, āĻāĻāĻ¸āĻŦ āĻāĻŦং āĻ āĻ¨্āĻ¯াāĻ¨্āĻ¯ āĻāĻāĻ āĻ§āĻ°āĻ¨েāĻ° āĻĒāĻ°িāĻŦেāĻļāĻāĻ¤ āĻŦিāĻĒāĻ°্āĻ¯āĻ¯়āĻুāĻ˛ো āĻāĻāĻ āĻŦা āĻŦিāĻ্āĻিāĻ¨্āĻ¨ āĻ¨āĻ¯়। āĻŦāĻ°ং, āĻāĻুāĻ˛ো āĻ¸্āĻĒāĻˇ্āĻāĻাāĻŦে āĻāĻ¨্āĻ¤ঃāĻ¸ংāĻ¯ুāĻ্āĻ¤; āĻāĻুāĻ˛ো āĻŽাāĻ¨ুāĻˇেāĻ° āĻĻ্āĻŦাāĻ°া āĻ¸ৃāĻˇ্āĻ; āĻāĻŦং āĻāĻুāĻ˛ো āĻ āĻ¨ুāĻ¨্āĻ¨āĻ¤ āĻāĻ¨āĻāĻŖ āĻāĻŦং āĻ¨াāĻ°ীāĻĻেāĻ° āĻāĻĒāĻ° āĻ āĻ¸āĻŽāĻাāĻŦে āĻ¨েāĻ¤িāĻŦাāĻāĻ āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻাāĻŦ āĻĢেāĻ˛ে। āĻāĻ¨্āĻĻোāĻ˛āĻ¨ āĻšিāĻ¸েāĻŦে āĻāĻ¨āĻাāĻ¯়āĻ°āĻ¨āĻŽেāĻ¨্āĻাāĻ˛ āĻাāĻ¸্āĻিāĻ¸ (āĻĒāĻ°িāĻŦেāĻļāĻāĻ¤ āĻ¨্āĻ¯াāĻ¯়āĻŦিāĻাāĻ°)-āĻāĻ° āĻāĻিāĻ āĻšāĻ˛ো āĻŽূāĻ˛ āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻ¤িāĻĒাāĻĻ্āĻ¯। āĻ¯েāĻুāĻ˛োāĻে āĻāĻŽāĻ°া āĻĒ্āĻ°াāĻ¯়āĻ āĻĒ্āĻ°াāĻৃāĻ¤িāĻ āĻĻুāĻ°্āĻ¯োāĻ āĻšিāĻ¸েāĻŦে āĻ§āĻ°ে āĻ¨িāĻ, āĻ¨িāĻŦিāĻĄ় āĻĒāĻ°্āĻ¯āĻŦেāĻ্āĻˇāĻŖে āĻ¤া āĻ āĻ¨েāĻ āĻ¸āĻŽāĻ¯় āĻ āĻĻূāĻ°āĻĻāĻ°্āĻļী āĻāĻŦং āĻŽাāĻেāĻŽাāĻেāĻ āĻŦেāĻĒāĻ°োāĻ¯়া, āĻāĻŽāĻ¨āĻি āĻ āĻļুāĻ āĻāĻ°্āĻĒোāĻ°েāĻ, āĻ¸āĻ°āĻাāĻ°ি āĻŦা āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻ্āĻ¤িāĻāĻ¤ āĻĒāĻ°িāĻŦেāĻļāĻāĻ¤ āĻ°ীāĻ¤িāĻ¨ীāĻ¤িāĻ° āĻাāĻ°āĻŖে āĻ¸ৃāĻˇ্āĻ, āĻ¯া āĻŦিāĻļেāĻˇāĻাāĻŦে āĻĻুāĻ°্āĻŦāĻ˛ āĻāĻ¨āĻোāĻˇ্āĻ ীāĻুāĻ˛োāĻে āĻāĻ্āĻ°াāĻ¨্āĻ¤ āĻāĻ°ে āĻāĻŦং āĻ¤াāĻĻেāĻ°āĻে āĻ āĻ¸ুāĻŦিāĻ§াāĻ° āĻŽāĻ§্āĻ¯ে āĻĢেāĻ˛ে āĻĻেāĻ¯়।
āĻāĻāĻি āĻ§াāĻ°āĻŖা āĻāĻŦং āĻāĻāĻি āĻāĻ¨্āĻĻোāĻ˛āĻ¨ āĻšিāĻ¸েāĻŦে, āĻ¯া āĻāĻāĻ¨ āĻŦৈāĻļ্āĻŦিāĻ āĻĒāĻ°্āĻ¯াāĻ¯়ে āĻŦিāĻ¸্āĻ¤ৃāĻ¤, āĻāĻ¨āĻাāĻ¯়āĻ°āĻ¨āĻŽেāĻ¨্āĻাāĻ˛ āĻাāĻ¸্āĻিāĻ¸ (āĻĒāĻ°িāĻŦেāĻļāĻāĻ¤ āĻ¨্āĻ¯াāĻ¯়āĻŦিāĻাāĻ°) āĻāĻ āĻ§াāĻ°āĻŖা āĻ§াāĻ°āĻŖ āĻāĻ°ে āĻ¯ে, āĻĒāĻ°িāĻŦেāĻļāĻāĻ¤ āĻĻাāĻ¯় āĻāĻ° āĻ¸ুāĻŦিāĻ§াāĻুāĻ˛ো āĻ¸āĻāĻ˛ āĻŽাāĻ¨ুāĻˇেāĻ° āĻŽāĻ§্āĻ¯ে āĻ¸āĻŽাāĻ¨āĻাāĻŦে āĻাāĻাāĻাāĻি āĻāĻ°া āĻāĻিāĻ¤। āĻāĻিāĻ° āĻ¸্āĻŦীāĻাāĻ°্āĻ¯ āĻāĻ āĻ¯ে, āĻŦāĻ°্āĻ¤āĻŽাāĻ¨ে āĻĒāĻ°িāĻŦেāĻļāĻāĻ¤ āĻ§্āĻŦংāĻ¸āĻ¯āĻ্āĻেāĻ° āĻ¨েāĻ¤িāĻŦাāĻāĻ āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻাāĻŦ, āĻŦিāĻļেāĻˇāĻ¤ āĻŦৈāĻļ্āĻŦিāĻ āĻāĻ¤্āĻ¤āĻ° āĻোāĻ˛াāĻ°্āĻ§ে āĻāĻŦং āĻŦিāĻļ্āĻŦāĻুāĻĄ়ে āĻ āĻিāĻাāĻ¤āĻĻেāĻ° āĻĻ্āĻŦাāĻ°া āĻ¸āĻŽ্āĻĒāĻĻেāĻ° āĻ āĻ¤িāĻ°িāĻ্āĻ¤ āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšাāĻ°ে āĻ¸ৃāĻˇ্āĻ āĻ্āĻˇāĻ¤ি āĻ āĻŦিāĻĒāĻĻ, āĻ āĻ¸āĻŽāĻাāĻŦে āĻŦিāĻļ্āĻŦেāĻ° āĻĻāĻ°িāĻĻ্āĻ° āĻāĻ¨āĻোāĻˇ্āĻ ীāĻ° āĻāĻĒāĻ° āĻĒāĻĄ়āĻে, āĻ¯াāĻĻেāĻ° āĻŽāĻ§্āĻ¯ে āĻŦেāĻļিāĻ°āĻাāĻāĻ āĻŦāĻ°্āĻŖāĻোāĻˇ্āĻ ীāĻ° āĻŽাāĻ¨ুāĻˇ, āĻŦিāĻļেāĻˇāĻ¤ āĻ¨াāĻ°ী āĻāĻŦং āĻļিāĻļু।
āĻĒাāĻļাāĻĒাāĻļি, āĻ āĻ¤িāĻ°িāĻ্āĻ¤ āĻŦ্āĻ¯āĻŦāĻšাāĻ°েāĻ° āĻ¸ুāĻŦিāĻ§াāĻুāĻ˛ো āĻŽূāĻ˛āĻ¤ āĻŦিāĻļ্āĻŦেāĻ° āĻŦিāĻļেāĻˇ āĻ¸ুāĻŦিāĻ§াāĻোāĻীāĻ°া āĻāĻĒāĻোāĻ āĻāĻ°ে, āĻ¯াāĻ°া āĻĒৃāĻĨিāĻŦীāĻ° āĻāĻ¨āĻ¸ংāĻ্āĻ¯াāĻ° āĻ্āĻˇুāĻĻ্āĻ° āĻ ংāĻļ। āĻĒāĻ°িāĻŦেāĻļāĻāĻ¤ āĻ¨্āĻ¯াāĻ¯়āĻŦিāĻাāĻ°, āĻ¯া āĻ¸াāĻ§াāĻ°āĻŖāĻ¤ EJ āĻ¨াāĻŽে āĻĒāĻ°িāĻিāĻ¤, āĻāĻ āĻ¸āĻ¤্āĻ¯ āĻŦিāĻˇāĻ¯়āĻুāĻ˛োāĻে āĻ¸্āĻĒāĻˇ্āĻāĻাāĻŦে āĻ¤ুāĻ˛ে āĻ§āĻ°াāĻ° āĻেāĻˇ্āĻা āĻāĻ°ে āĻāĻŦং āĻāĻ¤িāĻŦাāĻāĻ āĻĒāĻ°িāĻŦāĻ°্āĻ¤āĻ¨েāĻ° āĻāĻ¨্āĻ¯ āĻŽাāĻ¨ুāĻˇāĻে āĻāĻāĻ¤্āĻ°িāĻ¤ āĻāĻ°ে āĻাāĻ āĻāĻ°াāĻ° āĻāĻš্āĻŦাāĻ¨ āĻাāĻ¨াāĻ¯়।
āĻĒāĻ°িāĻŦেāĻļāĻāĻ¤ āĻ¨্āĻ¯াāĻ¯়āĻŦিāĻাāĻ° āĻĻুāĻি āĻ°āĻĄ়, āĻāĻ§ুāĻ¨িāĻ āĻিāĻ¨্āĻ¤াāĻ§াāĻ°া āĻāĻŦং āĻ¸āĻ্āĻ°িāĻ¯়āĻ¤াāĻŽূāĻ˛āĻ āĻāĻ¨্āĻĻোāĻ˛āĻ¨েāĻ° āĻিāĻ¤্āĻ¤িāĻে āĻ¸ংāĻ¯ুāĻ্āĻ¤ āĻāĻ°ে। āĻāĻি āĻĒāĻ°িāĻŦেāĻļেāĻ° āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻ¤ি āĻāĻĻ্āĻŦেāĻāĻে, āĻ¯া āĻāĻ āĻĒৃāĻĨিāĻŦীāĻ° āĻ¸āĻŽāĻ¸্āĻ¤ āĻীāĻŦāĻāĻ¨্āĻ¤ু āĻ āĻ¨্āĻ¤āĻ°্āĻুāĻ্āĻ¤ āĻāĻ°ে, āĻ¸াāĻŽাāĻিāĻ āĻ¨্āĻ¯াāĻ¯়āĻŦিāĻাāĻ°েāĻ° āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻ¤িāĻļ্āĻ°ুāĻ¤িāĻ° āĻ¸াāĻĨে āĻ¸ংāĻ¯ুāĻ্āĻ¤ āĻāĻ°ে; āĻ¯া āĻšāĻ˛ো āĻাāĻ¤ি, āĻ˛িāĻ্āĻ, āĻ§āĻ°্āĻŽ, āĻাāĻ¤ীāĻ¯়āĻ¤া āĻāĻŦং āĻļ্āĻ°েāĻŖিāĻ° āĻĻিāĻ āĻĨেāĻে āĻŽাāĻ¨āĻŦিāĻ āĻ¸āĻŽāĻ¤া। āĻĒāĻ°িāĻŦেāĻļāĻāĻ¤ āĻ¨্āĻ¯াāĻ¯়āĻŦিāĻাāĻ° āĻĒāĻ°িāĻŦেāĻļāĻŦাāĻĻ āĻāĻŦং āĻŽাāĻ¨āĻŦাāĻ§িāĻাāĻ° āĻāĻ¨্āĻĻোāĻ˛āĻ¨েāĻ° āĻŽāĻ§্āĻ¯েāĻাāĻ° āĻĢাঁāĻāĻি āĻĒূāĻ°āĻŖ āĻāĻ°ে। āĻāĻি āĻļুāĻ§ু āĻ¤াāĻĻেāĻ° āĻāĻ¤িāĻŦাāĻāĻ āĻĒāĻ°িāĻŦāĻ°্āĻ¤āĻ¨েāĻ° āĻāĻ¨্āĻ¯ āĻāĻāĻ¤্āĻ°িāĻ¤ āĻāĻ°ে āĻ¨া, āĻŦāĻ°ং āĻ¤াāĻĻেāĻ° āĻ āĻŦিāĻ্āĻেāĻĻ্āĻ¯ āĻ¸ংāĻ¯ুāĻ্āĻ¤িāĻ¤াāĻ āĻĻেāĻাāĻ¯় ।
āĻ¸ুāĻ¤āĻ°াং, āĻĒāĻ°িāĻŦেāĻļāĻāĻ¤ āĻ¨্āĻ¯াāĻ¯়āĻŦিāĻাāĻ° āĻāĻāĻŦিংāĻļ āĻļāĻ¤াāĻŦ্āĻĻীāĻ° āĻļুāĻ°ুāĻ¤ে āĻāĻāĻি āĻ¨āĻ¤ুāĻ¨, āĻুāĻ°ুāĻ¤্āĻŦāĻĒূāĻ°্āĻŖ āĻিāĻ¨্āĻ¤াāĻ§াāĻ°া āĻāĻŦং āĻāĻ°্āĻŽেāĻ° āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻ¤িāĻ¨িāĻ§িāĻ¤্āĻŦ āĻāĻ°ে, āĻŦিāĻļেāĻˇāĻ¤ āĻ¯āĻāĻ¨ āĻŽাāĻ¨ুāĻˇ āĻŦিāĻļ্āĻŦāĻুāĻĄ়ে āĻāĻ˛āĻŦাāĻ¯়ু āĻĒāĻ°িāĻŦāĻ°্āĻ¤āĻ¨, āĻŦিāĻˇাāĻ্āĻ¤āĻ¤া āĻŦৃāĻĻ্āĻ§ি, āĻ¸āĻŽ্āĻĒāĻĻেāĻ° āĻš্āĻ°াāĻ¸, āĻāĻŦং āĻৃāĻˇি āĻāĻŽিāĻ° āĻĻ্āĻ°ুāĻ¤ āĻŦিāĻ˛ুāĻĒ্āĻ¤িāĻ° āĻŦাāĻ¸্āĻ¤āĻŦāĻ¤াāĻ° āĻŽুāĻোāĻŽুāĻি āĻšāĻ্āĻে, āĻ¯াāĻ° āĻāĻĒāĻ° āĻ āĻ¨েāĻ āĻŽাāĻ¨āĻŦ āĻ¸āĻŽ্āĻĒ্āĻ°āĻĻাāĻ¯়েāĻ° āĻ¸্āĻŦাāĻ¸্āĻĨ্āĻ¯ āĻ¨িāĻ°্āĻāĻ° āĻāĻ°ে। āĻĒāĻ°িāĻŦেāĻļāĻāĻ¤ āĻ¨্āĻ¯াāĻ¯়āĻŦিāĻাāĻ°েāĻ° āĻ§াāĻ°āĻŖা āĻāĻŦং āĻ¸āĻ্āĻ°িāĻ¯় EJ āĻāĻ¨্āĻĻোāĻ˛āĻ¨েāĻ° āĻিāĻ¤্āĻ¤িāĻ¤ে āĻ°āĻ¯়েāĻে āĻ¨্āĻ¯াāĻ¯্āĻ¯ āĻāĻĒাāĻ¯়ে āĻĒāĻ°িāĻŦেāĻļāĻāĻ¤ āĻĻাāĻ¯় āĻ āĻ¸ুāĻŦিāĻ§াāĻুāĻ˛ো āĻাāĻাāĻাāĻি āĻāĻ°াāĻ° āĻāĻĒাāĻ¯় āĻ āĻ¨ুāĻ¸āĻ¨্āĻ§াāĻ¨ āĻāĻŦং āĻāĻŽāĻ¨ āĻāĻ āĻāĻŦিāĻˇ্āĻ¯ā§ āĻ¨িāĻ°্āĻŽাāĻŖ, āĻ¯েāĻাāĻ¨ে āĻ¸āĻāĻ˛ āĻŽাāĻ¨ুāĻˇেāĻ° āĻŽāĻ°্āĻ¯াāĻĻা āĻāĻŦং āĻ āĻ§িāĻাāĻ° āĻ¸āĻŽুāĻ¨্āĻ¨āĻ¤ āĻĨাāĻāĻŦে।