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HSC English First Paper English For Today - Unit 9 Lesson 3 Shilpi
The Story of Shilpi
Shilpi was only 15 years old when she married Rashid in 2008. Marrying off daughters at an early age is a standard practice for many families living in rural Bangladesh. After her wedding, Shilpi joined a local empowerment group that provides adolescent girls with the tools needed to gradually change cultural practices, particularly those pertaining to early marriage and pregnancy. The group's activities include discussions on how to most effectively change behaviour related to reproductive health as well as one-on-one counselling. It also offers peer-to-peer support and life skills training that help adolescents say no to early marriage. The empowerment group is one of more than 10,000 groups supported by some local Non Government Organizations (NGOs) working all over Bangladesh. These NGOs work through Canada's Adolescent Reproductive Health Project which also aims to increase access to quality health services for adolescents. During one of the group sessions, Shilpi came to understand the potentially harmful effects of early marriage and pregnancy.
While maternal mortality in Bangladesh has declined by more than 50 percent since 2001, the rate remains high with 173 maternal deaths per 100,000, live births in 2017-dropping from 322 in 2001. Girls who get pregnant are at risk of serious health complications. These include dangerous hemorrhage and fistula, a painful internal injury caused by obstructed childbirth that commonly leads to serious maternal morbidities and social exclusion.
When Shilpi heard about those risks, she invited her husband, Rashid, to discuss pregnancy with a counsellor. After hearing about the risks, Rashid agreed to delay having children for five years despite pressures from his parents and neighbours to produce an offspring. Together, the couple met with a female health care provider, who informed them about the various family planning options available.
Shilpi's mother-in-law and neighbours continued to pressurize the newlyweds. Deeply rooted cultural practices and traditions caused a rift between Shilpi and Rashid and their extended family, some of whose members insulted and criticized the couple. Unable to convince their close relatives of the risks, Shilpi and Rashid returned to the counsellor. They took the help of a parent peer who had been trained to speak to other parents about adolescent issues. Shilpi's mother-in-law and neighbours eventually came to understand the harmful effects of early pregnancy on mother and child.
After that, the villagers no longer pressurises the couple; their parents and neighbours began to support them and speak out against early marriage and pregnancy.
Answer the following questions
(1) When did Shilpl get married? What was her age then? Who did she marry?
Answer. Shilpi got married in 2008. She was only fifteen years old then. She married a person named Rashid.
(2) Training related to life skills is the most important activity of the group. Do you agree? Give reasons for your answer.
Answer. Yes, I agree with the view that training related to life skills is the most important activity of the group. It helps adolescents say no to early marriage.
(3) What is the aim of Canada's Adolescent Reproductive Health Project? How does it Implement its alm?
Answer. The aim of Canada's Adolescent Reproductive Health Project is to increase access to quality health services for adolescents. It implements its aim through working with NGOs that support local empowerment groups all over Bangladesh.
(4) What do you know about NGO? How do the NGOs related to empowerment group work through?
Answer. NGO means Non-Government Organization. The NGOs related to empowerment group work through Canada's Adolescent Reproductive Health Project.
(5) Shilpi was only 15 years old when she married off. What, according to you, is responsible for her early marriage?
Answer. Early marriage is a standard practice in rural Bangladesh. Poverty, illiteracy, superstition and lack of knowledge and awareness about reproductive health are mainly responsible for the early marriage of Shilpi's as well as other girls.
(6) What did Shilpi join after her wedding? Why? Explain in brief.
Answer. Shilpi joined a local empowerment group after her wedding. She joined it in order to have the tools needed to gradually change cultural practices, particularly those pertaining to early marriage and pregnancy.
(7) What, according to the first paragraph of the passage, is the function of the local empowerment group?
Answer. The function of the local empowerment group is to provide adolescent girls with the tools needed to gradually change cultural practices, particularly those pertaining to early marriage and pregnancy.
(8) Describe the activities of the local empowerment group.
Answer. The activities of the local empowerment group are discussions on how to most effectively change behaviour related to reproductive health as well as one-on- one counselling. The activities include peer-to-peer support and life skills training that help adolescents say no to early marriage.
(9) How many empowerment groups are working all over Bangladesh? How are these groups supported?
Answer. More than 10,000 empowerment groups are working all over Bangladesh. These groups are supported by some local Non Government Organizations (NGOs).
(10) How did Shilpi come to understand the potentially harmful effects of early marriage and pregnancy?
Answer. Shilpi joined a local empowerment group and during one of the group sessions, Shilpt came to understand the potentially harmful effects of early marriage and pregnancy.
āĻļিāϞ্āĻĒীāϰ āĻāϞ্āĻĒ
⧍ā§Ļā§Ļā§Ž āϏাāϞে āĻļিāϞ্āĻĒী āϝāĻāύ āϰāĻļিāĻĻāĻে āĻŦিāϝ়ে āĻāϰে āϤāĻāύ āϤাāϰ āĻŦāϝ়āϏ āĻিāϞ āĻŽাāϤ্āϰ ā§§ā§Ģ āĻŦāĻāϰ। āĻ্āϰাāĻŽীāĻŖ āĻŦাংāϞাāĻĻেāĻļেāϰ āĻ্āϰাāĻŽাāĻ্āĻāϞে āĻŦāϏāĻŦাāϏāĻাāϰী āĻ āύেāĻ āĻĒāϰিāĻŦাāϰেāϰ āĻāύ্āϝ āĻāϤ āĻ āϞ্āĻĒ āĻŦāϝ়āϏে āĻŽেāϝ়েāĻĻেāϰ āĻŦিāϝ়ে āĻĻেāϝ়া āĻāĻāĻি āϏাāϧাāϰāĻŖ āĻĒ্āϰāĻĨা । āϤাāϰ āĻŦিāϝ়েāϰ āĻĒāϰ āĻļিāϞ্āĻĒী āĻāĻāĻি āϏ্āĻĨাāύীāϝ় āĻ্āώāĻŽāϤাāϝ়āύ āĻĻāϞে āϝোāĻāĻĻাāύ āĻāϰে āϝাāϰা āĻিāĻļোāϰীāĻĻেāϰ āĻŦিāĻিāύ্āύ āĻāĻĒāĻāϰāĻŖ āϏāϰāĻŦāϰাāĻš āĻāϰে āϝেāĻুāϞো āϏাāĻŽাāĻিāĻ āĻĒ্āϰāĻĨা āϧীāϰে āϧীāϰে āĻĒāϰিāĻŦāϰ্āϤāύেāϰ āĻāύ্āϝ āĻŦিāĻļেāώ āĻāϰে āĻŦাāϞ্āϝāĻŦিāĻŦাāĻš āĻ āĻāϰ্āĻāϧাāϰāĻŖ āϏংāĻ্āϰাāύ্āϤ āĻ āĻ্āϝাāϏ āĻĒāϰিāĻŦāϰ্āϤāύেāϰ āĻāύ্āϝ āĻĒ্āϰāϝ়োāĻāύীāϝ়। āĻীāĻাāĻŦে āϏāĻŦāĻেāϝ়ে āĻাāϰ্āϝāĻāϰāĻাāĻŦে āĻĒ্āϰāĻāύāύ āϏ্āĻŦাāϏ্āĻĨ্āϝ āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒāϰ্āĻিāϤ āĻāĻāϰāĻŖ āĻĒāϰিāĻŦāϰ্āϤāύ āĻāϰা āϝাāϝ় āĻāĻŦং āĻāĻāĻāύেāϰ āϏাāĻĨে āĻāĻāĻāĻাāĻŦে āĻāϞোāĻāύা āĻĻāϞেāϰ āĻাāϰ্āϝāĻ্āϰāĻŽেāϰ āĻ āύ্āϤāϰ্āĻুāĻ্āϤ ।
āĻāĻাāĻĄ়াāĻ āĻāĻি āĻāĻ āϏāĻĻāϏ্āϝেāϰ āĻŽাāϧ্āϝāĻŽে āĻ āĻĒāϰ āϏāĻĻāϏ্āϝāĻে āϏāĻŽāϰ্āĻĨāύ āĻāĻŦং āĻীāĻŦāύ āĻĻāĻ্āώāϤা āĻĒ্āϰāĻļিāĻ্āώāĻŖ āĻĒ্āϰāĻĻাāύ āĻāϰে āϝা āĻিāĻļোāϰীāĻĻেāϰ āĻŦাāϞ্āϝāĻŦিāĻŦাāĻšāĻে āύা āĻŦāϞāϤে āϏাāĻšাāϝ্āϝ āĻāϰে। āĻāĻ āĻ্āώāĻŽāϤাāϝ়āύ āĻĻāϞ āϏাāϰা āĻŦাংāϞাāĻĻেāĻļে āĻুāĻĄ়ে āĻাāĻ āĻāϰা āĻিāĻু āϏ্āĻĨাāύীāϝ় āĻŦেāϏāϰāĻাāϰি āϏংāϏ্āĻĨা (āĻāύāĻিāĻ) āĻĻ্āĻŦাāϰা āϏāĻŽāϰ্āĻĨিāϤ ā§§ā§Ļ,ā§Ļā§Ļā§Ļ āĻāϰāĻ āĻŦেāĻļি āĻĻāϞেāϰ āĻāĻāĻি । āĻāĻ āĻāύāĻিāĻāĻুāϞো āĻাāύাāĻĄাāϰ āĻিāĻļোāϰী āĻĒ্āϰāĻāύāύ āϏ্āĻŦাāϏ্āĻĨ্āϝ āĻĒ্āϰāĻāϞ্āĻĒেāϰ āĻŽাāϧ্āϝāĻŽে āĻাāĻ āĻāϰে āϝে āĻĒ্āϰāĻāϞ্āĻĒেāϰ āϞāĻ্āώ্āϝ āĻšāϞ āĻিāĻļোāϰীāĻĻেāϰ āĻāύ্āϝ āĻŽাāύāϏāĻŽ্āĻĒāύ্āύ āϏ্āĻŦাāϏ্āĻĨ্āϝāϏেāĻŦা āϏুāĻŦিāϧা āĻŦৃāĻĻ্āϧি āĻāϰা । āĻāĻāĻি āĻĻāϞীāϝ় āĻ āϧিāĻŦেāĻļāύেāϰ āϏāĻŽāϝ় āĻļিāϞ্āĻĒী āĻŦাāϞ্āϝāĻŦিāĻŦাāĻš āĻ āĻāϰ্āĻāϧাāϰāĻŖ āĻāϰ āϏāĻŽ্āĻাāĻŦ্āϝ āĻ্āώāϤিāĻāϰ āĻĒ্āϰāĻাāĻŦ āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒāϰ্āĻে āĻŦুāĻāϤে āĻĒেāϰেāĻিāϞ।
āĻŦাংāϞাāĻĻেāĻļে āϝেāĻাāύে ⧍ā§Ļā§Ļā§§ āϏাāϞ āĻĨেāĻে āĻŽাāϤৃāĻŽৃāϤ্āϝুāϰ āĻšাāϰ ā§Ģā§Ļ āĻļāϤাংāĻļ āĻŦেāĻļি, āĻ āĻšাāϰ āĻঁāĻু āϰāϝ়ে āĻেāĻে ⧍ā§Ļā§§ā§ āϏাāϞে āĻĒ্āϰāϤি ā§§ā§Ļā§Ļ,ā§Ļā§Ļā§Ļ āĻীāĻŦিāϤ āϏāύ্āϤাāύ āĻāύ্āĻŽেāϰ āĻ্āώেāϤ্āϰে ā§§ā§ā§Š āĻি āĻŽাāϤৃāĻŽৃāϤ্āϝু āϝা ⧍ā§Ļā§Ļā§§ āĻāϰ ā§Šā§¨ā§¨ āĻি āĻĨেāĻে āĻāĻŽেāĻে। āϝেāϏāĻŦ āĻŽেāϝ়েāϰা āĻāϰ্āĻāĻŦāϰ্āϤী āĻšāϝ়ে āĻĒāĻĄ়ে āϤাāϰা āĻুāϰুāϤāϰ āϏ্āĻŦাāϏ্āĻĨ্āϝ āĻāĻিāϞāϤাāϰ āĻুঁāĻিāϤে āĻĨাāĻে। āĻāϏāĻŦ āĻুঁāĻিāϰ āĻŽāϧ্āϝে āĻŦিāĻĒāĻ্āĻāύāĻ āϰāĻ্āϤāĻ্āώāϰāĻŖ āĻ āĻĢিāϏ্āĻুāϞা (āύāϞাāĻৃāϤিāϰ āĻĻীāϰ্āĻ āĻ্āώāϤ), āĻŦাāϧাāĻĒ্āϰাāĻĒ্āϤ āĻļিāĻļুāĻāύ্āĻŽেāϰ āĻাāϰāĻŖে āϏৃāώ্āĻ āĻŦেāĻĻāύাāĻĻাāϝ়āĻ āĻ āĻ্āϝāύ্āϤāϰীāĻŖ āĻāĻাāϤ āϝা āϏাāϧাāϰāĻŖāϤ āĻুāϰুāϤāϰ āĻŽাāϤৃāϤ্āĻŦāĻāύিāϤ āĻ āϏুāϏ্āĻĨāϤাāϰ āĻĻিāĻে āύিāϝ়ে āϝাāϝ় āĻāĻŦং āϏাāĻŽাāĻিāĻ āĻŦāϰ্āĻāύ āĻ āύ্āϤāϰ্āĻুāĻ্āϤ।
āĻļিāϞ্āĻĒী āϝāĻāύ āĻāϏāĻŦ āĻুঁāĻি āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒāϰ্āĻে āĻļুāύāϞ, āϤāĻāύ āϏে āϤাāϰ āϏ্āĻŦাāĻŽী āϰāĻļিāĻĻāĻে āĻāĻāĻāύ āĻĒāϰাāĻŽāϰ্āĻļāĻĻাāϤাāϰ āϏāĻ্āĻে āĻāϰ্āĻাāĻŦāϏ্āĻĨা āύিāϝ়ে āĻāϞোāĻāύা āĻāϰাāϰ āĻāύ্āϝ āĻāĻš্āĻŦাāύ āĻাāύাāϞ। āĻুঁāĻি āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒāϰ্āĻে āĻļোāύাāϰ āĻĒāϰ āϰāĻļিāĻĻ āϏāύ্āϤাāύ āύিāϤে āĻĒাঁāĻ āĻŦāĻāϰ āĻŦিāϞāĻŽ্āĻŦ āĻāϰāϤে āϏāĻŽ্āĻŽāϤ āĻšāϝ় āϝāĻĻিāĻ āϏāύ্āϤাāύ āύেāĻāϝ়াāϰ āĻŦ্āϝাāĻĒাāϰে āϤাāϰ āĻŦাāĻŦা-āĻŽা āĻāĻŦং āĻĒ্āϰāϤিāĻŦেāĻļীāĻĻেāϰ āĻĻিāĻ āĻĨেāĻে āĻাāĻĒ āĻিāϞ āĻāĻ āĻĻāĻŽ্āĻĒāϤি āĻāĻāϤ্āϰে āĻāĻāĻāύ āĻŽāĻšিāϞা āϏ্āĻŦাāϏ্āĻĨ্āϝāϏেāĻŦা āĻĒ্āϰāĻĻাāύāĻাāϰীāϰ āϏāĻ্āĻে āĻĻেāĻা āĻāϰেāύ āϝিāύি āϤাāĻĻেāϰ āĻĒāϰিāĻŦাāϰ āĻĒāϰিāĻāϞ্āĻĒāύাāϰ āĻŦিāĻিāύ্āύ āĻŦিāĻāϞ্āĻĒ āĻĒāĻĻ্āϧāϤি āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒāϰ্āĻে āϤাāĻĻেāϰ āĻ āĻŦāĻšিāϤ āĻāϰে।
āĻļিāϞ্āĻĒীāϰ āĻļাāĻļুāĻĄ়ি āĻ āĻĒ্āϰāϤিāĻŦেāĻļীāϰা āύāĻŦāĻĻāĻŽ্āĻĒāϤিāĻĻেāϰ āĻāĻĒāϰ āĻাāĻĒāĻĒ্āϰāĻĻাāύ āĻ āĻŦ্āϝাāĻšāϤ āϰাāĻে । āĻāĻীāϰে āĻĒ্āϰāĻĨিāϤ āϏাāĻŽাāĻিāĻ āĻĒ্āϰāĻĨা āĻ āĻāϤিāĻš্āϝ āĻļিāϞ্āĻĒী āĻ āϰāĻļিāĻĻ āĻāĻŦং āϤাāĻĻেāϰ āĻŦāϰ্āϧিāϤ āĻĒāϰিāĻŦাāϰেāϰ āĻŽāϧ্āϝে āĻĢাāĻāϞ āϏৃāώ্āĻি āĻāϰে āĻāĻŦং āĻ āĻĒāϰিāĻŦাāϰেāϰ āĻিāĻু āϏāĻĻāϏ্āϝ āϤাāĻĻেāϰ āĻ āĻĒāĻŽাāύ āĻāĻŦং āϏāĻŽাāϞোāĻāύা āĻāϰে। āϤাāĻĻেāϰ āύিāĻāĻ āĻāϤ্āĻŽীāϝ়āĻĻেāϰ āĻŦুāĻাāϤে āĻ āĻ্āώāĻŽ āĻšāϝ়ে āĻļিāϞ্āĻĒী āĻāĻŦং āϰāĻļিāĻĻ āĻĒāϰাāĻŽāϰ্āĻļāĻĻাāϤাāϰ āύিāĻāĻ āĻĢিāϰে āĻāϏেāύ। āĻৈāĻļোāϰেāϰ āĻŦিāώāϝ় āϏāĻŽ্āĻĒāϰ্āĻে āĻ āύ্āϝ āĻĒিāϤাāĻŽাāϤাāĻĻেāϰ āϏāĻ্āĻে āĻāĻĨা āĻŦāϞাāϰ āĻāύ্āϝ āĻĒ্āϰāĻļিāĻ্āώিāϤ āĻāϰা āĻšāϝ়েāĻে āĻāĻāĻি āĻĒিāϤা āĻŦা āĻŽাāϤা āϏāĻĻāϏ্āϝেāϰ āϏাāĻšাāϝ্āϝ āĻ্āϰāĻšāĻŖ āĻāϰে āϤাāϰা । āĻļিāϞ্āĻĒীāϰ āĻļাāĻļুāĻĄ়ি āĻ āĻĒ্āϰāϤিāĻŦেāĻļীāϰা āĻ āĻŦāĻļেāώে āĻŽা āĻāĻŦং āϏāύ্āϤাāύেāϰ āĻāύ্āϝ āĻ āϞ্āĻĒāĻŦāϝ়āϏে āĻāϰ্āĻাāĻŦāϏ্āĻĨাāϰ āĻ্āώāϤিāĻāϰ āĻĒ্āϰāĻাāĻŦ āĻŦুāĻāϤে āĻĒাāϰে।
āĻāϰ āĻĒāϰ āĻĨেāĻে āĻāϰ āĻ্āϰাāĻŽে āĻ āĻĻāĻŽ্āĻĒāϤিāϰ āĻāĻĒāϰ āĻাāĻĒ āĻĒ্āϰāϝ়োāĻ āĻāϰা āĻšāϝ় āύা; āϤাāĻĻেāϰ āĻŦাāĻŦা-āĻŽা āĻ āĻĒ্āϰāϤিāĻŦেāĻļীāϰা āϤাāĻĻেāϰ āϏāĻŽāϰ্āĻĨāύ āĻāϰāϤে āĻļুāϰু āĻāϰে āĻāĻŦং āĻŦাāϞ্āϝāĻŦিāĻŦাāĻš āĻ āĻāϰ্āĻāϧাāϰāĻŖ āĻāϰ āĻŦিāϰুāĻĻ্āϧে āĻĒ্āϰāϤিāĻŦাāĻĻ āĻāϰে।