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HSC English First Paper English For Today - Unit 12 Lesson 2 The Greta Effect  The Greta Effect Greta Thunberg is an environmental activist. She was born in Stockholm, Sweden, in 2003. When she was eight, she started learning about climate change. The more she learned, the more baffled she became as to why so little was being done about it. At the age of 11, Greta became so sad about climate change that she temporarily stopped speaking! Greta has Asperger syndrome, a condition that affects how people socialise. But Greta views her condition as a positive, calling it her "superpower"! She says it helps her see the world in black and white, and that there are "no grey areas when it comes to climate change."  In August 2018, Greta decided to take action. Instead of going to school, she made a large sign that read 'Skolstrejk för Klimatet: SCHOOL STRIKE FOR CLIMATE', and calmly sat down outside the Swedish parliament. Her aim? To make politicians take notice and...

HSC English First Paper English For Today - Unit 12 Lesson 1 Environment and Nature Environment and Nature Water, water everywhere... Water, water, every where,  And all the boards did shrink;  Water, water, every where,   Nor any drop to drink.   Coleridge's poem, a ballad, narrates the harrowing sea-voyage of an old mariner who at one point of his journey didn't have any water to drink because of a curse. Not only the cursed mariner, we too know how important drinking water is in our life. We know we cannot survive without it. In fact, two-thirds of our body is made up of water. Not for nothing is it said that the other name of water is life. Is there a crisis in our time with regard to access to clean drinking water? The United Nations in a meeting on the eve of the new millennium identified the drinking water problem as one of the challenges for the future. Besides, we have worry in out the problem as ours is a land of rivers he we have plenty of rainfa...

HSC English First Paper English For Today - Unit 11 Lesson 3 Stories From Gaza Stories From Gaza Mahmud Bala'wi, Born 1995  Ash Shati' Camp   I want to write the most beautiful words about Gaza but I can't. I can't not see the poverty, siege and famine, especially when all Gaza city flooded into Al-Areesh and emptied it from all goods in two hours. I can't not see the deprivation in every house, the fear and the sickness.   What do you want me to say about Gaza? From when I became aware of it, I was sad about everything inside it. Especially the kids and even the adults, youth, women, girls, animals, stones and trees, everything in it is crying... I'm looking for nice words to say and I can't find them.   The sea is the only thing that helps me dream. When I stand on the shore I can imagine Cyprus, travel to Paris, fly to Rome, all while standing in the same spot. I go around the whole world and in the end I land on my bed in our house, in the middle o...

HSC English First Paper English For Today - Unit 11 Lesson 2 The Old Man at the Bridge  The Old Man at the Bridge by Earnest Hemingway An old man with steel rimmed spectacles and very dusty clothes sat by the side of the road. There was a pontoon bridge across the river and carts, trucks, and men, women and children were grossing it. The mule-drawn carts staggered up the steep bank from the bridge with soldiers helping push against the spokes of the wheels. The trucks ground up and away heading out of it all and the peasants plodded along in the ankle deep dust. But the old man sat there without moving He was too tired to go any farther. It was my business to cross the bridge, explore the bridgehead beyond and find out to what point the enemy had advanced. I did this and returned over the bridge. There were not so many carts now and very few people on foot, but the old man was still there. "Where do you come from?" I asked him, "From San Carlos," he said, and smiled...

HSC English First Paper English For Today - Unit 11 Lesson 1 Peace and Conflict  Situations of conflict Maya Angelou, an American poet, songwriter, playwright, film director and autobiographer was born in St. Louis, Missouri, on 4 April, 1928. She spent much of her childhood in Stamps, Arkansas, with her paternal grandmother. When she was eight, she became a victim of abuse by someone close to her mother. The experience left her traumatized, and for several years, she could not speak. In 1940. Angelou moved to San Francisco, and then to New York, where she began her literary Maya Angelou had a remarkable range of interests and careers. She was a dancer, a singer and an editor. In addition, she also acted on stage and in the film. But writing was what she enjoyed most. She was a popular poet praised for the way she incorporated social and political themes in her poems without compromising their poetic and stylistic qualities. She wrote her poems in a language that is known as the Bl...

HSC English First Paper English For Today - Unit 10 Lesson 5 Consumerism Consumerism We spend money for different reasons. We buy foods, clothes or everyday essentials, pay for different services, entertain people, travel to places, help others in need or invest in business and thus spend money every day. In fact, spending is a part of our life. Spending may make us happy or unhappy depending on how and why we spend. When we spend money on things that we need and within our limit, it is good. When it becomes a compulsive behaviour, it makes life stressful. Unnecessary spending or spending beyond one's means has some bad effects. For one thing, it may lead to financial ruin or debt, and for another, it may create unhappiness within families. People who overspend are never satisfied with what they have. They always rush for brands, fashion items, designer clothes etc. Over a period of time it becomes an addiction which may eventually create psychological problems. Nowadays consumer i...

HSC English First Paper English For Today - Unit 10 Lesson 4 Instant vacation : Getting there through meditation Meditation Training the mind can get us to a place of flow more quickly. Meditation is one way to exercise our mental muscles. There are many types of meditation, but they all have the same objective: calming the mind, observing our thoughts and emotions, and centering our focus on a single object. The basic practice involves sitting with a straight back and focusing on your breath. Anyone can do it, and you feel a difference after just one session. By fixing your attention on the air moving in and out of your nose, you can slow the torrent of thoughts and clear your mental horizons. The Archer's Secret The winner of the 1988 Olympic gold medal for archery was a seventeen-year-old woman from South Korea. When asked how she prepared, she replied that the most important part of her training was meditating for two hours each day. If we want to get better at reaching a state...

HSC English First Paper English For Today - Unit 10 Lesson 3  Food and Culture Syed Mujtaba Ali, was an acclaimed Bengali author, academic and linguist. He was a travel enthusiast and his travelogues are regarded as precious gems in our Bangla literature. At some point of time between the two World Wars, Syed Mujtaba Ali set out on a ship from India on a journey to Europe. Leaving Sri Lanka behind, he sailed across the Arabian Sea, then along the coast of Africa, before reaching the Suez Port. Syed Mujtaba Ali's time in Egypt was punctuated by a number of funny anecdotes, both about the people and the pyramids. The following excerpt is from Syed Mujtaba Ali's travelogue, Tales of a Voyager (Jolay Dangay) where he gives a charming and insightful description of Egyptian food and language. Nazes Afroz translated the following excerpt. Our Bengali meals consist of five flavours of food-bitter, savoury, hot, sour sides and desserts. The English eat only sweet and savoury preparation...

Read the following text and answer the questions A and B Unit-10: Lesson-2 Once upon a time, there was a strange man who was highly bothered to see others' happiness. His own personal interest was at any cost important to him. Neither was he a polite man, nor did he like other people to be polite to each other. In fact, he hated the courteous and polite people around him and thus he hated a few expressions like please, thank you, don't mention it etc. It troubled him a lot when people around were smiling to use these expressions. The man considered all these expressions extravagant. So, he took a mission to invent a device that would steal these polite words. He calculated two benefits from his efforts. One, people won't use these words and thus he would be relieved of his apathy to people's polite behavior and the second one was earning money by selling the words stolen by the machine to somebody else. He took great caution so that nobody would understand his secret pl...

HSC English First Paper English For Today - Unit 10 Lesson 1  Manners around the World  China Dining Sit where you are instructed to sit. Be graceful and polite when taking food with chopsticks. Don't make much noise when eating or drinking soup. Don't play with chopsticks or point at anyone with them. For a formal dinner wear formal dress. Gift Do present and receive things with both hands. Politely refusing a gift before accepting it is the norm in Chinese culture, so don't be discouraged when someone initially refuses your gift. White flowers are not good as gifts as they symbolise death. Greetings Shake hands softly as a firm handshake could be considered a sign of aggression. It may make your Chinese friends feel uncomfortable. Greet the most senior first and gradually others. Children are expected to greet you rather than you greeting the children. South Africa Dining Arrive on time. Wear casual clothes. Offer help to the hostess with the preparation of the meal and c...

Essay - Dignity of Labour রচনা - শ্রমের মর্যাদা Essay - Dignity of Labour Introduction : Work is life. Man has to work to sustain his living on earth. To get success in life, work is the main medium. Thus, we have to work hard to keep our existence. And labour has much dignity and honour. Kinds of labour: Labour is of two kinds -physical labour and mental labour. Physical labour means the labour done by the movement of our hands, foot etc. Mental labour indicates the work of our brain. Both these types of labour are essential for us. Both have dignity and honour.  Labour and mentality: We have to work. We should not avoid it. Some people hesitate to work. They think it demeans their dignity. The rich men hate it. They forget that their riches are the results of someone's work. Thus we have to divert our mind to labour both physical and mental labour. We must be sincere to our work. Importance of labour : The world is a great workshop. Labour is life and life is labour. Labour is ...

Essay - Computer রচনা - কম্পিউটার Essay - Computer Introduction : Computer is an electric brain. It works like a human brain. It is the most useful and wonderful invention of modern science. Now we cannot imagine a single moment without this wonderful invention. It is an inseparable part of our modern life. It has made our life easy. History of invention: Computer was not invented overnight. It took a long time. Charles Babbage, a British mathematician, thought about this electric brain first. For this, he wrote a formula. Later an American scientist, Howard Akin invented computer in 1937. Kinds and functions : There are two kinds of computer. They are Analogue Computer and Digital Computer. Usually Digital Computer is used. A computer mainly does three functions. These are data receiving, data processing and delivery of data. How works: A computer has some units. The units have respective functions. It has a memory unit. It helps to store all the data. The input and output units help...

Essay - Corruption in Bangladesh রচনা - বাংলাদেশে দুর্নীতি Essay - Corruption in Bangladesh Introduction : Bangladesh is a small country with growing problems. Among all problems, corruption is a great. The problem has spread its evil clutch all over the country It is going from bad to worse. All we getting concerned with this problem Bangladesh has already been regarded as one of the most corrupt countries in the world. Definition of corruption : Corruption means adopting illegal practice to gain anything. It always goes against the Interest of others. Taking bribe, nepotism, misuse of power are some examples of corruption. Corrupt sectors : The education department, the police department, the judicial department, the health department are the most corrupt sectors. Causes : There are many causes behind it. The first and foremost cause is lack of morality. Lack of transparency and accountability is another cause. So-called politics and r lack of patriotism are also responsible for corr...

Essay - Cricket In Bangladesh রচনা - বাংলাদেশে ক্রিকেট Essay - Cricket In Bangladesh   Introduction : There are different games and sports in Bangladesh. Of all games, cricket is the most popular game in the country. Now the country is a test playing country. The test status shows that the country has improved much in cricket. History : Bangladesh has not a long history in cricket. The country's Cricket Control Board was established in 1974. It got the membership of ICC in 1978. Our first one day international match was against Pakistan. Bangladesh had a long cherished dream to take part in the World Cup. It came true when it defeated Kenya in 1997. In the same year, the country got one day status. The country took part in the World Cup in 1999. Bangladesh defeated two countries in that World Cup. The whole world was astonished to see our performance. In 2000, the country got the test status. It played the first test match against India. At present : The country is doing much bette...

Essay - Compulsory Primary Education রচনা - বাধ্যতামূলক প্রাথমিক শিক্ষা Essay - Compulsory Primary Education Introduction : Education means the harmonious development of all the faculties of man. It is essential for all kinds of development. If the majority of the people are illiterate, the total prosperity of the country is not possible. For this our government has declared primary education compulsory.  Literacy rate in Bangladesh: Literacy rate in Bangladesh is 62.3% at present. The number of able primary school goers is above two crores. Among them one-third can not get the opportunity to go to primary schools. 60% of our students drop out before completing primary education. So the number of our literacy rate is not increasing. Curse of illiteracy: Illiteracy is a curse. It hampers all the development activities. An illiterate man likens to a beast. There is no difference between blind and illiterate man. An illiterate man does not know how to lead happy, healthy and prosper...

Essay - Child Labour রচনা - শিশুশ্রম Essay - Child Labour Introduction : Bangladesh is a small country with growing problems. Among all problems, child labour is a great one. The problem has spread its evil clutch all over the country. It is going from bad to worse. All are getting concerned with this problem. Child labour : The labour done by a child is called child labour. It is increasing. It is very inhuman. It is disappointing. The children of poor families, the street children and the orphans are the victims of it. They are involved in many chores. They do domestic jobs. They work in industries, garment factories, hotels and in many other places. Many of them beg. Many break bricks. They also sell nuts, flowers, betel leaves, torn papers, clothes etc. Some glean plastic materials, torn shoes, torn paper etc. Many children polish boots. Sometimes they do risky jobs. Yet, they are unpaid. For money, they are often involved in illegal activities. They are used for smuggling and supp...