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HSC English First Paper English For Today Unit 2 Lesson 3
Art
Art is generally understood as an expression of human imagination and creative skills in a range of activities including painting, drawing, sculpture and architecture. The aim of art is to evoke feelings and emotions that are considered aesthetic - that is, concerned with beauty but art also can be a form of social commentary. A painting of sunset over the sea glorifies nature, but one that shows a war ravaged town can convey a sense of anguish. Throughout the world people appreciate art for its power to affect them in creative ways. As the famous painter Pablo Picasso said, "the purpose of art is washing the dust of daily life off our souls.” Art in our country has a long history. It has been practiced in households in the form of pottery nakshikantha or embroidered quilt, alpana or intricate, mostly floral designs in rice paste done on clay yards and shokher harhi or painted earthen pots (and their lids). These are examples of folk art. But there is another form of art which is called modern art, which owes its origin to the industrial revolution in Western Europe in the middle of 19th century and the changes it brought in technology, education, manufacturing and communication. Modern art rejected traditional art forms and began to create new types of artistic expression using styles, techniques, colours and materials that could adequately reflect the spirit of the time and the profound changes in human thought. The beginning of modern art practices in our country date from 1948, when the great artist Zainul Abedin (1914-1976), with the help of some colleagues set up an institute of art in Dhaka (now the Faculty of Fine Art, University of Dhaka). As it began to offer art education, the institute drew together a number of talented teachers and students who contributed to the development of modern art almost from scratch. But within a decade, artists were reflecting most recent trends and styles in their work - such as expressionism and abstract expressionism - while maintaining a close contact with the traditions of folk art. Zainul had earned all-India fame for his Famine Sketches, a series of haunting sketches based on the Bengal famine of 1943 which took hundreds of thousands of lives. His watercolors, scroll paintings and drawings inspire our artists even today. The other prominent artists who had major contributions to the spectacular rise of our contemporary art include Qamrul Hassan, SM Sultan, Safiuddin Ahmed, Abdur Razzak, Qayyum Chowdhury, Murtaza Baseer, Aminul Islam, Syed Jahangir, Debdas Chakravarty, Novera Ahmed and Muhammad Kibria.
The war of liberation and the independence of the country in 1971 inspired our artists to continue the efforts of the earlier artists to explore the limits of art and, create new expressive modes. For the next four decades, art in our country saw many experimentations, Artists dealt with new ideas such as installation art and graphic art; and reshaped older, traditional art forms. If you visit any art gallery or art exhibition, you will find how our art reflects our changing realities in fascinating and insightful ways.
Answer the following questions.
(1) What is art?
Answer. Art is generally understood as an expression of human imagination and creative skills in a range of activities including painting, drawing, sculpture and architecture.
(2) Why do the institutes draw together a number of talented teachers and students?
Answer. The Institutes drew together a number of talented teachers and students who contributed to the development of modern art almost from scratch as it began to offer art education.
(3) Which artists contribute to the spectacular rise of our contemporary art ?
Answer. The other prominent artists who contribute to the spectacular rise of our contemporary art include Qamrul Hassan, SM Sultan, Safluddin Ahmed, Abdur Razzak. Qayyum Chowdhury, Murtaza Baseer, Aminul Islam, Syed Jahangir. Debdas Chakravarty, Novera Ahmed and Muhammad Kibria.
(4) What is the aim of art?
Answer. The aim of art is to evoke feelings and emotions that are considered aesthetic- that is, concerned with beauty- but art also can be a form of social commentary.
(5) 'Our art has long heritage. Explain it in two /three sentences.
Answer. Art in our country has a long history. It has been practiced in households in the form of pottery, nakshikantha or embroidered quilt, alpana or intricate, mostly floral designs in rice paste done on clay yards and shokher harhi or painted earthen pots.
(6) Why do the people appreciate art throughout the world?
Answer. The people appreciate art for its power to affect them in creative ways. Besides a painting of sunset over the sea glorifies nature, but one that shows a war ravaged town can convey a sense of anguish.
(7) What did the war of liberation and the independence of the country in 1971 inspired our artists.
Answer. The war of liberation and the independence of the country in 1971 inspired our artists to continue the efforts of the earlier artists to explore the limits of art and create new expressive modes.
(8) When does the beginning of modern art of our country practise?
Answer. The beginning of modern art practices in our country date from 1948, when the great artist Zainul Abedin with the help of some colleagues set up an institute of art in Dhaka.
(9) What did our art see for the next four decades?
Answer. For the next four decades, art in our country saw many experimentations. Artists dealt with new ideas such as installation art and graphic art; and reshaped older, traditional art forms. If you visit any art gallery or art exhibition, you will find how our art reflects our changing realities in fascinating and insightful ways.
(10) The famous painter Pablo Picasso said, "the purpose of art is washing the dust of daily life off our souls." Explain this statement.
Answer. This statement is true. It is because that art depicts contemporary picture of society and reminds the people the real picture of the society. Then people become aware and come forward to removing the evils from the society to purify their souls.
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